TIN 4-21-16 PAGE 2

A primer on possibly using ground scatter radar to look for underground facility entrances and underground corridors at long distances is posted at Link 5:

Link 5:

http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB439/docs/Underground-JASON.pdf

An individual Dr. Nick Begich who is both the son and brother of a US Senator and a US Representative explores some of the less believed concerns in Link 6:

Link 6:

http://www.earthpulse.com/src/category.asp?catid=13

Possible damage to the earth and it’s ionosphere is examined in depth at Link 7:

Link 7:

http://www.earthpulse.com/src/subcategory.asp?catid=1&subcatid=2

Significant Latvian Research on OTH radar

Link 8:

http://latvianhistory.com/2013/03/02/skrunda-soviet-radar-station/
Let’s listen to the Skrunda signal in Link 9.

Link 9:

http://www.rixc.lv/projects/skrunda_signal/

The BBC has reported researchers have found a possible link between ionospheric atmospheric disturbances and natural phenomena like impending earthquakes.

Link 10:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7435324.stm

There are numerous sites playing a video about the Navy’s sending a HAARP radar to North Korea to create earthquakes and tsunamis in Link 11. Has this added to the recent tension between the US and the North Korea? Choose the video link picture with the red and white play arrow that is the second picture down in Link 11.

Link 11:

http://beforeitsnews.com/economics-and-politics/2013/04/us-navy-is-deplo...

Are these impacts on people and places real as claimed by the critics?
The answer is not definite.

If these radar installations are so useful, are they actually secure and safe?

Usually security is very good at these installations. See Link 12.

Link 12:

http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/ops/security.htm

However, sometimes neighbors frustrated with the presence of the radar facility can and do make their displeasure known. See Link 13.

Link 13:

http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/ops/security.htm

Unauthorized Entry to Minuteman Launch Facility, Ellsworth AFB SD, April 1988
Here’s an example of an official report of security encroachment by neighbors on a Minuteman nuclear missile site in 1986, the entry entitled Security Incident -- Unauthorized Entry to Minuteman Launch Facility, Ellsworth AFB SD, April 1988 in the list of several security incidents over the past decades.

The base security incident report can be seen at Link 14:

Link 14:

THIS LINK NEEDS TO BE COPIED AND PASTED TO YOUR BROWSER

http://www.globalsecurity.org/jhtml/jframe.html#http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/ops/secellsworth.pdf|||

how effective a superradar project can be when kept secret or publicized:

Link 16:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoliy_Golitsyn
See the paragraph on “Controversies” In Link 16.

ScienceDaily.com, a respected online source for scientific information, has a March 2, 2016 published article about these mysterious repetitive cosmic radio bursts.

Link 17:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/03/160302135202.htm

BACK TO THE MAINSTREAM THOUGHTS ABOUT OTH RADAR AND ITS USES

FOUR TYPES OF RADAR, THEIR EMISSION PATTERNS, AND THEIR STRANGE SOUNDS ON THE HAM BANDS

The major types of high power multiantenna radars are ionospheric, over the horizon, over the horizon backscatter, and coastal radar.

SHOW AND TELL SECTION
HAARP
High Altitude Auroral Research Project
There is a picture of the Alaska HAARP installation at link 18:

Link 18:

https://web.archive.org/web/20120727101753/http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/h...

Link 19:

https://web.archive.org/web/20120730013838/http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/h...

The second type is over the horizon radar , or OTH for short.
A picture of how basic OTH radar works is at link 20:

Link 20:

http://www.physics.irfu.se/Publications/Presentations/Thide:EPS34Plasma:...

Surface scanning possibility:

Link 20A:

http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/news/2016/intell-160202-afn...

A summary of the technical operations of computerized return analysis is written for a basic level of radio knowledge is at Link 21:

Link 21:

http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a261727.pdf

MORE IONOSPHERIC RADARS like HAARP
Dual Aurora Radio Networks are abbreviated with the spelling in all capitals of D-A-R-N, pronounced SuperDARN.

Here is a table of Super Aurora networks at Link 22:

Link 22:

http://davit1.ece.vt.edu/hdw/radartable.pdf

There is a sample ionogram of a radar return at Link 22-a:

Link 22A:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionogram

SUPERDARN
Ionospheric and over the horizon radar research is still active in 2015. The University of Leicester posts an announcement:

Link 23:

http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/physics/research/rspp/sd/superdarn-2015

MARYLAND SUPERDARN

ink 24:

http://superdarn.jhuapl.edu/

The JHU APL radar sounds like Link 25. :

Link 25:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/superdarn.wav

SuperDARN UK
The home page for the United Kingdom’s high power facility is at Link 26:

Link 26:

http://www.superdarn.ac.uk/

A Radar coverage overlay map is available at Link 27:

Link 27:

http://www.superdarn.ac.uk/about/where-is-it/

Sura Ionospheric Heating Facility
HAARP like Facility
Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia

Pictures of the SURA Russian antenna farm, power distribution farm, transmitter banks, control room, and RF cage are at Link 28. Note the word galery is not misspelled in the hyperlinks.

Link 28:

http://sura.nirfi.sci-nnov.ru/Photogalery/Photogalery.html

A ground level SURA antenna view is at Link 29:

Link 29:

http://sura.nirfi.sci-nnov.ru/Photogalery/sura_stand_center_bw_web.jpg

A picture of the SURA Antenna array is at Link 30:

Link 30:

http://sura.nirfi.sci-nnov.ru/Photogalery/sura_stand_color_web.html

A possible off grid power distribution picture is at Link 31:

Link 31:

http://sura.nirfi.sci-nnov.ru/Photogalery/vpic01.jpg

Transmitter control console with operator Link 32:

Link 32:

http://sura.nirfi.sci-nnov.ru/Photogalery/vpic05.jpg

Probably the Radar return analysis position Link 33:

Link 33:

http://sura.nirfi.sci-nnov.ru/Photogalery/vpic07.jpg

Over the horizon radars (OTHR) – PRACTICAL CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

Wind farms also interfere with the Doppler part of the OTH radar return.

Link 34:

http://www.onera.fr/fr/actualites/faire-cohabiter-eoliennes-et-radars

Norway SOUSY Svalbard Radar (SSR) Project

Link 35:

http://radars.uit.no/sousy/
The Sousy website has some very specific observations for improved clear air turbulence and weather forecasting. See the last page of their brochure.

Link 36:

http://radars.uit.no/sousy/ssre2003.ppt

The Norway ionospheric heating site near Tromso began operation in 1980. Sections 2.1 and 2.2 on pages 1 and 2 of Link 36A describe 1.2 Megawatts from the transmitter feeding three crossed dipole and other antenna arrays for an ERP of 300 Megawatts.

Link 36A:

http://palver.eiscat.uit.no/heating/data/antenna_details/Rietveld_JATP_1...

ICELAND
Was a HAARP or SUPERDARN radar being used to antagonize Iceland? Some residents seemed to have a concern about the radar’s effects.

Link 37:

http://malacai.blog.is/blog/malacai/entry/471129/

Tiger Radar – Australia
Consists of two radars, one in Tasmania and one in New Zealand, with beams that intersect as shown in Link 38:

Link 38:

http://www.tiger.latrobe.edu.au/

The Bruny Radar footprint and its sister station in Unwin New Zealand cover the lower latitude portion of the auroral oval and the ionospheric trough.

The Unwin radar is a Stereo system that transmits on two different set of frequencies simultaneously at one time.

Link 39:

http://www.tiger.latrobe.edu.au/unwin/index.html

Here is the Unwin signal at Link 40:

Link 40:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/tiger1.wav

Notice the difference in woodpecker tone to our first signal we heard earlier from the HAARP signal at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab at Link 41:

Link 41:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/superdarn.wav

Here’s a waveform of an OTH-B radar just above the 15 meter amateur band at Link 41A. It is also an excellent way to learn some basics of how to read a waterfall display with time and frequency.

Link 41A:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3zTYc6E_w0

Russian Military radar interference
IARU Monitoring System Reports Increased Russian Military Traffic on Ham Bands at Link 42:

Link 42:

http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter?issue=2015-09-17#toc08

OTHR Russia - Duga
Reports of a new Russian OTHR also Nicknamed Steelyard exist and that it continuously transmits on 14 MHz with a signal heard very frequently in earlier years. It is very difficult to know without careful reading if it is an old or a new Steelyard radar.

Pre – Steelyard - Chernobyl – Duga at Link 43:

Link 43:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAkoTCAEYAQ

The reflectors inside the radar elements can be seen in Link 44:

Link 44:

http://englishrussia.com/2014/03/11/chernobyl-2-beyond-the-horizon/

Some rather daring climbers on Russia Duga can be seen in Link 45. Warning there are some offensive words by the Russian narrator and climber said under the stress of the visit and climb:

Link 45:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0l_4fzJv_i0

And bionerd23 has additional pictures worth seeing on your fullscreen monitor via Flickr at https://www.flickr.com/photos/bionerd/sets/72157650850418127

Another group of climbers tells their story in pictures in Link 45A:

Link 45A:

http://trash-russia.com/climbing-on-old-over-the-horizon-radar-system-du...

Kontayner in Kovylkino, Mordovia in western Russia is reported to have a range of more than 1,860 miles and can detect aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, and even the launch of cruise missiles.

Link 46: Please note you will have to copy and paste this link, or retype it. The aerospace defense website will not respond to a click on the link.

Link 46:

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/150118/russia-d...

Here is a picture of the Russian Kontayner tower array at Link 47: Please note you will have to copy and paste this link, or retype it. The aerospace defense website will not respond to a click on the link.

Link 47:

http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-768.html

Wikisig lists it in a listing of signal types, and links to a special page about the signal from Kontayner.

Link 48:

http://www.sigidwiki.com/wiki/Category:Active

Here’s the actual Kontayner emission labeled as being active in 2016 by some sources at Link 49. For this link, you will need to go to the page and click the audio file play arrow:

Link 49:

http://www.sigidwiki.com/wiki/29B6_%27Kontayner%27_OTH_Radar

A Russian news site claimed the possibility a US high power radar emission downed a Russian Mars probe:

Link 50:

https://www.rt.com/politics/russia-mars-probe-accident-us-radar-967/

Link 50A:

https://youtu.be/BMoztHw84a4

There are unconfirmed reports on the internet of British Pluto and Kontayner signals as recently as February 2015 in Link 51:

Link 51:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RsmMvOuFtOs

PORTABLE OTH-B RADAR – UNITED STATES

There is an overview of Portable over the horizon radars at Link 52:

Link 52:

http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/systems/an-fps-118.htm

AN/FPS-118 Over-The-Horizon-Backscatter (OTH-B) Radar

The West Coast facility had 3 sites – the operations center at Mountain Home Air Force Base, in Idaho, the transmitter at Christmas Valley, Oregon and the receiver at Tule Lake, near Alturas, California.

In 1991, NOAA considered the possibility for these old radar sites to examine the climate.
We will cover more about this in our section on coastal radar.

AN INSIDE LOOK ON THE TULELAKE FACILITY
Railroad enthusiast Craig Bass also has an interest in railroad radio transmissions and had an opportunity to vist the partially dismantled Tulelake high power radar facility. There are very interesting photos on his railroad website’s radar pages and a few comments about the dismantlement of the radar facility.

Craig has kindly agreed to tell how he came across one of the formerly hidden super high power radar sites in his own words. Here is his third party traffic for the net in Link 53:

Link 53:

Craig Bass How became interested OTH-B.wav

Here are the external photos of the site he visited in Link 53A:

Link 53A:

http://www.craigsrailroadpages.com/oth-b/photos01.htm

Craig visited the caretaker some time ago and took these interior snapshots:

Link 54:

http://www.craigsrailroadpages.com/oth-b/photos02.htm

Craig mentions use of the facility to monitor weather and sea conditions in the Atlantic Ocean, and describes the demolition over time of the facility. Note his mention of the required geographical separation of the transmitter and receiver sites, with one at Christmas Valley, Oregon and the other at Tulelake, California.

Link 55:

http://www.craigsrailroadpages.com/oth-b/

He references on his website a link to another site’s photos of the Tule Lake facility:

Link 56:

http://www.interceptradio.com/wiki/index.php/OTHB_Radar

JORN – Australia

The Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN) is an OTHR able to monitor air and sea operations, wave heights, and wind directions up to 3,000 km. It is used in the defence of Australia and may be heard at Link 57.

Link 57:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/ausoth.wav

OTHR Turkey
Turkey uses the same parameters as the Cyprus Radar on 15 and 10 meter bands and is located in Ankara and South-East and West-Turkey.

Notice the more buzzing like sound of the over the horizon radar compared to the pecking sound of ionospheric beam we heard earlier for the auroral sites at Link 58.

Link 58:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/oth-tur.wav

OTHR China – continuous and burst systems
OTHR China (continuous) is often interfering with 7080 – 7130 kHz with 43.5 sweeps per second as heard at Link 59:

Link 59:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/oth-chn.wav

The Chinese burst system on 20 meters has a more buzzsaw like sound and sounds similar to the Chinese burst radar as heard at Link 60:

Link 60:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/oth-chnb.wav

Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration (CAA)
Home page is at Link 61:

Link 61:

http://www.chinare.gov.cn/en/index.html?pid=science

According to the Chinese Administration’s website, China began its Antarctic scientific research in 1991 with a 5 year plan known as the “China Eighth Five-Year Antarctic Scientific Projects”.

Some of the study headings included research on Solar-terrestrial behavior in Antarctica described in item 6.

After the establishment in 2004 of Yellow River Station in Svalbard, some projects in the last paragraph for 2004-2006 item 3 included the Chinese investigation of the ionospheric scintillations in Arctic region.

Ionospheric sounding network and data in China

Chinese ionospheric results at Xinjiang (Sinkiang) Region are included in an IEEE year 2000 proceedings book on Ionospheric sounding network and data in China, ISBN 0-7803-6377-9, pages 688-691. The proceedings are from a conference held in Beijing China in August of 2000.

Link 62:

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&tp=&arnumb...

OTHR ISRAEL
Shows experimentation with a new type of radar that actually shows as a sawtooth wave on the sonogram showing sawteeth displayed across the scope face of the sonogram.

OTHR IRAN
Note that the Iranian radar has a pronounced high frequency burst. It sounds like an old tin clock interspersed with lower frequency pulses on 14 and 21 MHZ ham band and international broadcast frequencies as heard at Link 63:

Link 63:

http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/sound/Iran-Radar.wav

OTHR France – Nostradamus radar. Off the ionosphere bounce radar wave detection of aircraft is illustrated in a video graphic.

Link 64:

http://www.onera.fr/fr/imagedumois/le-secret-de-nostradamus

Here is a picture of one tract of 96 transhorizon Nostradamus antennas, nicknamed “Diabolo” at Link 65:

Link 65:

http://www.onera.fr/fr/imagedumois/radar-transhorizon-nostradamus

Nostradamus has been reported to have 288 transmitter aerials on several hundreds of meters.

France – Graves surveillance of satellites – up to 1000km in altitude at Link 66:

Link 66:

http://www.onera.fr/fr/imagedumois/reseau-de-surveillance-graves

Other Worldwide OTH radars

There are other OTHR radars affecting HF reception that we do not have time to explore. You are encouraged to search on your own for over the horizon radar. The foreign language websites such as in French and German have enough technical language roots that you may be able to read the technical specifications with just a little patience.

TIN #2 PROBABLE BREAK POINT HERE

COASTAL RADAR

Link 67:

http://www.codar.com/intro_hf_radar.shtml

Coastal radar is used to analyze ocean surface waves. Wave patterns can be used to identify changes in ocean wave patterns. The changes in patterns can be from thermal differences in the water such as when land effluents flow from land into the ocean, storms at sea, or disruptions in the normal wave pattern offshore.

Link 68:

http://www.codar.com/intro_Japan_tsunami_detected_on_2_continents.shtml

The ocean’s rough wave surface activity can act like a large diffraction grating.

The radar signal brushing over the sea looking for changes in the sea’s surface, including the possible presence of a marine craft, will show a coastal radar return only when the radar signal scatters off a sea wave of ½ the radar wavelength in a direct radial path either from or towards the radar.

Averaging the returns over time and by looking at the backscattered return as well as the direct radial return, the scattered radar electromagnetic waves add together coherently to form a strong return of energy at a very precise wavelength.
This is known as the Bragg principle, and the phenomenon 'Bragg scattering'. At 4-50 MHz, the Bragg scattering short ocean waves are between 1.5 and 5 seconds. (SeaSonde).

Because ocean waves are always present, there will always be a radar return image available for mapping of ocean currents.
Three typical HF operating frequencies that produce Bragg scattering and their corresponding ocean wavelengths are:

25 MHz transmission -> 12m EM wave -> 6m ocean wave
12 MHz transmission -> 25m EM wave -> 12.5m ocean wave
5 MHz transmission -> 60m EM wave -> 30m ocean wave

A good SDR waterfall display is needed to pick up the nuances of a radar or jamming signal because you can see the audio of the radar signal and compare it to the signal heard. An example of interference with 80 meters created by pulsed random emissions is described at Link 69:

Link 69:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GG14fS-62HY

Excellent example of waterfall image of intermittent signals:

Link 69A:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrZfSeYbn2g

Here’s a 1950’s style documentary for you to have fun with after the net. It is a 30 minute video from DocumentaryTube.net about how Radar Defense Systems worked to protect our nation in the 1950’s when “we could see the enemy before the enemy sees us”. Don’t believe it. See Link 70:

Link 70:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4rIHdcwlvlk&ebc=ANyPxKoojdul9C7S-h0y16FW...

Radar Jamming: "Defensive Electronic Countermeasures" May 1962 US Navy Training Film can be seen at Link 71:

Link 71:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5T1vPmA-l4

The Schwarzenburg radio facility was an early long wave transmission facility active as early as 1929 and was a precursor to today’s OTH radar. There is a listing of Schwarzenburg’s HF transmitting equipment, power ratings, and mention of rotating rhombic antenna at Link 72:

Link 72:

http://www.nexus.org/Internet_Radio/ra-audio/NEXUS-IBA/HELLO_THERE/Schwa...

Here are more pictures of the antennas, transmitter cabinet, and employee roster inside the facility in Link 72A:
http://www.nexus.org/Internet_Radio/ra-audio/NEXUS-IBA/HELLO_THERE/Schwa...

There is an animated Worldwide tour of superfacilities at Link 73:

Link 73:

https://youtu.be/gmh5sFdVwh8

At first, Alaska HAARP was declared dead with an end to it’s funding and it began to be dismantled. See Link 74:

Link 74:

https://youtu.be/Fp_ZGwtfwlw

Then, University of Alaska Fairbanks announces HAARP back in business as of midAugust, 2015 for 3 years at a cost of a $2 million loan to be repaid from HAARP operations for scientific research in Link 75:

Link 75:

http://www.gi.alaska.edu/alaska-science-forum/haarp-again-open-business

A very entertaining and thought provoking time lapse video of Nuclear tests is at Link 76:

Link 76:

http://www.ctbto.org/specials/1945-1998-by-isao-hashimoto/

Fun Entertainment Links – Post TIN enjoyment

Find out how much you know about number stations and spies

Spy quiz on numbers stations Link 77:

Link 77:

http://people.howstuffworks.com/numbers-stations.htm

Spy quiz on historic female spies Link 78:

Link 78:

Female spies
http://people.howstuffworks.com/female-spy-quiz.htm

Link 79:

A Crack in the World
A dying scientist fires a missile into the Earth's center, and nearly blows the planet apart.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSv5ar5Q9vw

Link 80:

First British Nuclear Bomb
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOwH55lnA8M&feature=youtu.be#t=8.0063646

Link 81:

Bridge of Spies movie, Tom Hanks directed by Steven Spielberg, UPC CODE 86936 84789.

Trailer at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUlLByD2JC8

Trading spies to get U2 plane pilot Gary Powers back from the Soviet Union after his spy plane was shot down from an altitude the US thought was above the Soviet Union’s antiaircraft missile ceiling.

Possibly available for checkout at your local library or bookmobile.

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